Europe Initiates UN “Snapback” Sanctions on Iran After Nuclear Escalation
On August 28, 2025, France, Germany, and the United Kingdom (the “E3”) formally activated the United Nations’ “snapback” sanction mechanism against Iran. This process, rooted in the 2015 nuclear agreement (JCPOA), allows for the reinstatement of previously lifted sanctions—without the possibility of veto by Iran’s allies on the UN Security Council. The sanctions could be…
